In rehearsing and performing Essay

When I performed my character I put on a bad back as in the 17th century middle aged women were getting on a bit and would have had injuries. Mrs Putnam behaves in shock and panic because she cannot believe what is going on around her. First of all Abigail states † She makes me drink blood†. So Mrs Putnam just hopes in fear that it isn’t her baby’s blood, â€Å"My babies blood†. Then Goody Osbourn is accused of being with the Devil. Goody Osbourn has been midwife for Mrs Putnam 3 times. Mrs Putnam reacts with shock that someone so close to her has been behind peoples back and been with the Devil. When our group was acting out a scene from act 1, we had Betty lying down asleep in the middle of the stage. The effect of this is that everyone keeps on coming back to the plot, which is McCarthyism. With Betty in the middle of the stage nobody forgets why the characters is there, they all want to find out what is going on and who must be punished, this helps the audience understand the play and keeps them involved. With Betty in the middle of the stage it improved our performance because it gave us a centrepiece to work around and kept us in a huddle portraying that we were all in fear. The language of the scene is a mix between old English and Native American. The language is part Native American because in the 17th century the English had just settled in the US and the only people there before them were the Native Americans so they took over the old English and then picked up some Native American language. There is also a regional dialect in the writing † I be innocent†. This is because Salem would have been in a rural area isolated from any other towns or villages, so they had their own style of language. The themes run through the scene are fear, shock and nervousness. Fear runs through the scene when talk of people has been with the Devil get mentioned. † I saw, Martha Bellows with the Devil. † When the characters hear this they react with fear † The Marshall, I call the Marshall. † Shock runs through the scene when something out of the ordinary is said, † Oh, how many times he bid me kill you, Mr Parris. † † Kill me! † Also nervousness runs through the scene for example when Tituba rambles, † He say Mr Parris must be kill! Mr Parris no goodly man, Mr Parris means man and no gentle man†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. And look- and there was Goody Good. † When she says this all of this it sound like she is making it up because she is nervous. When we performed the play we wanted to show that it wasn’t from our culture but from another one. So we decided in rehearsals if we wanted to convey this we had to put on an accent from that era and part of the world, this worked well. We wanted the audience to feel the fear and the shock of the scene when we performed it. This is because you can’t get into the scene if you don’t fell both of these, as they are what the scene is about. So if they did feel the fear and the shock they would of understood and enjoyed the scene more than if they didn’t feel them. Also we wanted the audience to go away and see what can happen to a small community if something like the Salem witch trials went on and what devastating consequences it can make. Leigh O’Brien Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

Communication Techniques-Sports Commentary Essay

In sports broadcasting, a sports commentator gives a running commentary in real life or real time about a sport. Usually, this is done during a live broadcast on television. The broadcast is normally a voiceover and the main commentator is rarely seen on screen if at all. In American English, other common terms for a sports commentator are announcer and sportscaster. In actuality, a sportscaster may just refer to a newscaster covering the latest news about sports. Types of Sport Broadcasters Play-by-play announcers are the primary speakers, valued for their articulateness and for their ability to describe the events of an often fast-moving contest. Colour commentators, which serve as assistants to the primary speakers are valued for experience and insight into the game, and are often asked questions by the play-by-play announcer to give them a topic for analysis. The latter most often have gained their experience in the sport as a player or coach, while the former is more likely to be a professional broadcast journalist than a participant in the sport. The more common format is to use both types of commentators in order to provide a better-rounded experience for the audience. For example, NBC Sunday Night Football in the United States, which Cris Collinsworth, a former American football receiver, and Al Michaels, a professional announcer announce for. In the United Kingdom however there is a much less distinct division between play-by-play and colour commentary, although two-man commentary teams usually feature an enthusiast with formal journalistic training but little or no competitive experience leading the commentary, and an expert former (or current) competitor following up with analysis or summary. There are, however, exceptions to this. For example, all of the United Kingdom’s major cricket and snooker commentators are former professionals in their sports, while the legendary Formula One racing commentator Murray Walker had no formal journalistic training and only limited racing experience of his own. Another difference between the two types is that colour commentators will usually announce only a sport in which they played or coached, while play-by-play announcers, such as Michaels and David Coleman in the UK, may have careers in which they announce several different sports at one time or another.

An Analysis of the Depiction of Horaces Philosophy of Life in Gather Ye Rosebuds, A Quiet Life, and Rustic Joys

An Analysis of the Depiction of Horace's Philosophy of Life in Gather Ye Rosebuds, A Quiet Life, and Rustic Joys Horace’s philosophy of life, I believe, can be summed up quite effectively by this line on his poem Gather Ye Rosebuds, addressed to Leuconoe: â€Å"This day’s thine own, the next may be denied†. Horace is all about finding fulfilment in life through enjoyment of â€Å"the present hour†, and living a life worth living. He finds no joy in wars or worries, but says that life is only worth living if you can enjoy it as much as possible. Gather Ye Rosebuds is the first poem in which Horace attests to this philosophy of life. He tells Leuconoe that he does not care what astrologers predict, or whatever may befall him, he believes that we are powerless to act in opposition to the fate of the world, so one should drink a lot, be happy, don’t think about the future, and generally enjoy each day as it comes. While we debate politics or future uncertainties, time that you could be enjoying slips away. I think this shows Horace’s philosophy of life most strongly. Horace also tells us that deciding to save and be stringent with money is a waste. â€Å"Enjoy your possessions while they are yours† is a poem that describes death, and the inevitability of it, but also contrasts it with the beauty of life that you could be enjoying right now. He describes a beautiful villa on the banks of the river Tiber, that you worked long and hard to purchase, just for your heirs to swoop in and grab up all your hoarded gold, then presumably go and waste it. Horace wants us to enjoy the use of our money now, and not worry about leaving it to anyone, because you’ll be dead, and they’ll squander it anyway. He also mentions this in â€Å"We all must die†, saying that death is inevitable, and your heirs will quickly forget about you once you’re dead, so there’s no use giving them everything you made. The philosophy of Horace also includes his wish to escape from ‘all this’, in â€Å"A Quiet Life†, he talks at length about the fact that humans fight, humans struggle, humans live to find a calm and quiet life after the fact. Soldiers endure their hunger, cold and marches because they want to return home to peace. Money and power doesn’t calm the chaos inside of one’s mind, nor does being king. Horace preaches that one is with few means, but is perfectly happy with this means, and does not seek constantly more, more, more. All the happiest man wants, is peace and quiet. You can’t escape your fate, no bodyguards will let you outrun fear, so one should laugh and be merry to drown all of those negative feelings, and aim to live a quiet, peaceful life. In â€Å"Enjoy the Present Hour†, Horace again shows his philosophy of living life to the fullest. He talks about a depressingly cold mountainside outside, but revels in the warmth of his hearth, the wine, and a bit of light conversation to pass the time. He says that the future is the gods’ domain, let them worry about the weather and the seasons, life and death, â€Å"Lay hold upon the present hour†, and live in the moment. He says that one day we will all see death coming for us, at some point, and old age will wrack our bodies, but one has to love their youth before these things, to live a fulfilled life. The best times are now, and only the gods need worry about tomorrow. Horace embraces his own philosophy in Rustic Joys, here talks about how blessed it is to be free from debts, from work, from creditors and other stresses of city life. Horace writes about the beauty of nature, and his love of just being in the countryside, living a quiet life of small pleasures. The man described is a skilled worker, and has skilful hands, Horace respects his skill at work, and the beauty of it. He says the pleasure of a simple life such as this would remove all troubles from the world, such as a lover lost. He romanticises a life in the countryside in the peace and quiet as something with no worries or preoccupations, and that all should strive to life like the man who works on the farm.

Applied Business Project International Business Coursework

Applied Business Project International Business - Coursework Example Moreover, the company even develops software products and ensures their customers of the availability of parts and accessories for their computing needs. HP even gives support and consulting services, the cloud computing which is a revolutionary way of saving data as well as business and IT outsourcing (HP Website, HP Products and Services 2011). The company has indeed come a long way from the humble beginnings of the HP founders. Now, almost every office in the world has HP products. The brand has been a worldwide name and its products and services continue to help shape businesses and even lives all over. Also, the HP way has been scattered across many countries not just in the Americas but across Europe, the Middle East and even across Asia Pacific (for the complete list see Appendix 1). However, the company also experiences many challenges. Moreover, with the advent of globalization, there has been increasing pressure both in and out of the organisation. This is expected though s ince there will be many more competitors in the global arena much more the diverse customer base that companies operating globally have to satisfy. As aptly reported in the 2010 annual report of the company, HP products are sold globally and their services are exposed internationally. Hence, the company’s thrust is fuelled by a diverse global network of business and technical experts that powers the operations of the company and makes the global presence of HP formidable. Hence, it is important that the company is able to manage their diverse global workforce. The cultures of different countries play greatly into the capability of the company and the employees to work harmoniously with each other. It is therefore... It would be a waste of time for HP to set up business to set up shop in some dirt poor country that is void of infrastructure that will necessitate the utilization of the products. Any company would avoid countries with political conflicts which bring about the second advantage which is the political advantage. Countries that are boasting of good governance and respectable taxing institutions are usually the places to go that attracts foreign business strongly. Finally, there is the social and cultural advantage wherein the culture plays a crucial role.HP is not merely an employer but a seller and buyer as well and the company ought to be able to fit into the prevailing trends in their target country to ensure the sustainability of their business. It is important that the company takes into account the internalization advantage that they may utilize wherein they can opt to use different forms of strategies to get into their target markets. HP has many subsidiaries in different countr ies and they ensure that the company's strategies are aptly calibrated to the preferences of the host countries. The company ought to continue their innovative nature. The HP way has provided the company with the ways and means to do so but as Robinson and Chiang puts it, all companies whether they are neophytes or are already established must be able to ensure that their products are continuously patronized by their markets as well as the inherent need especially in the technology sector to anticipate these demands.

A review of the relationship between poverty, uninsured children, Essay

A review of the relationship between poverty, uninsured children, childhood obesity and the well-being index - Essay Example The current study aims to look at obesity and chronic obesity causing conditions since these are emerging as major reasons for negatively affecting the well being of people. Data for the study has been acquired from Gallup-Healthway’s Well Being Index  ® website from a survey conducted and compiled in 2009. Data was also acquired from the State Health Facts website for targeted states only. The data acquired from Gallup-Healthway was used to demarcate five states that formed the upper most and lowest tiers of obesity prevalence in the United States. The states of West Virginia, Mississippi and Kentucky exhibit the highest obesity rates while the states of Hawaii and Colorado displayed the lowest obesity rates (Mendes & McGeeney, 2012). The states were chosen in this order also because West Virginia, Mississippi and Kentucky are on the lowest rung of the WBI while Colorado and Hawaii are near the top of the WBI list. In addition to these statistics, three other variables were also used that include the population in poverty, the amount of uninsured kids and the amount of obese kids. Statistical Analysis Descriptive statistics were tabulated for the acquired data (shown in Appendix A). Gallup uses defined metrics in order to survey well being which can be listed as the Composite, Life Evaluation Index (LEI), Emotional Health Index (EHI), Work Environment Index (WEI), Physical Health Index (PHI), Healthy Behavior Index (HBI) and Basic Access Index (BAI) (Gallup-Healthways, 2009). The other variables used include the Population in Poverty (POP IN POV), uninsured kids and obese kids (State Health Facts, 2012). Results for the descriptive statistics are presented in the table shown below. Table 1 Descriptive Statistics WBI (Rank) State Health Fact (%) Descriptive Statistics for WBI and State Health Facts for the Nation Overall and the Five States Selected Descriptive Statistic COMPOSITE LEI EHI WEI PHI HBI BAI POP IN POV UNINSURED KIDS OBESE KIDS Mean 65.03 44.73 78.2 48.82 75.33 62.27 80.78 23.5 7.83 34.05 Median 64.95 44.55 78.5 48.9 75.7 62.15 81.1 23.5 8.5 33.55 Range 9.7 15.9 8.5 8.3 9.5 10.1 7.1 12 9 17.2 Standard Deviation 3.51 5.83 2.93 2.67 3.66 3.88 2.89 4.04 3.31 6.36 Standard Error 1.43 2.38 1.2 1.09 1.5 1.58 1.18 1.65 1.35 2.6 The mean and median for the Gallup data remain fairly close to each other for all reported metrics. In contrast, the data acquired from State Health shows some skewness for uninsured kids with the mean being 7.83 while the median is 8.5. The range for most variables being analyzed stays under 10 except for LEI (15.9), population in poverty (12) and obese kids (17.2). these variables could be expected to display larger standard deviations as well since the range of data is greater. In terms of the standard deviation, the highest value is displayed by obese kids (6.36) followed by LEI (5.83) while other variables display standard deviations of around 4. The standard error tabulation reveals similar res ults with LEI exhibiting a standard error of 2.38 and obese kids displaying a standard error of 2.6. In contrast, the standard error for population in poverty is 1.65 while other variables display standard errors of less than 1.6. Based on these results it could be safely assumed that the data acquired displays a near uniform distribution except for LEI and obese kids that tend to exhibit some skewness. Composite and domain scores by state as well as the

Should battered women be sent to prison for killing their abusers Research Proposal

Should battered women be sent to prison for killing their abusers - Research Proposal Example Therefore, the entire structure of the justice system changed and â€Å"police  officers,  prosecutors,  health  workers and  judges were encouraged to take action against intimate  abuse† (Dutton, 105). The changes in the justice system also gave rise to several challenges and here, a question arose that how battered women should be treated in the eyes of the law after killing their assaulters. The aim of this paper is to analyze the issue of battered women and sending them to prison if they murder their abusers. In order to understand the circumstances in which battered women kill their abusers, it is essential to understand the main features of a crime. In order to prove a crime, it is essential that the court determines whether the act was atrocious, against the law and illegitimate and was committed by the accused willingly, which would make him or her guilty (Jackson, 207). Research suggests that battered women develop mental disorders because of the abuse they experience. According to Jackson (221) , stress, depression, fear, anxiety and hopelessness are the most common psychological disorders found in these women. Furthermore, these women are most likely to experience chronic depression, which makes feel guilty (Dutton & Painter, 615). Furthermore, research suggests that sixty percent of these women remain with their abusive boyfriends or husbands and are unable to take any action because of their unstable mental condition. Research also suggests that these women are suicidal. Gillesp ie (100) suggests that more forty five percent of battered women are most likely to have Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. As mentioned earlier, battered women are subjected to domestic violence and hence, they are most likely to suffer from psychological disorders, which may compel them to skill their assaulters after experiencing the abuse for a very long time. In order to define the psychological condition of battered women, the term

The role of the neuromuscular system on work and exercise Essay

The role of the neuromuscular system on work and exercise - Essay Example A nerve impulse from the brain travels through the nerve and cause the release of acetylcholine at the nerve junction. This chemical is picked by chemical receptors in the muscle that effect the movement. Hypertensive individuals are treated with calcium blockers and catecholamine blockers. These drugs protect the hart from heart attacks by neither blocking the action of nor adrenaline which initiates the flight or fight response. They block the reception of stress hormones such as epinephrine weakening their effects. This reduces hypertension. Nevertheless, this also has some adverse effect on the individual because it blocks the absorption of calcium to the ones. As a result, the individual taking the treatment has a high risk of developing ostereoporosis. The motor skills of the patients are also adversely affected because of reduced calcium in the bones. As a result, this type of medicine is not good for physically active individuals or athletes as it affects their performance. This is because they block the uptake of oxygen and make exercise to be more strenuous. Some patients may even stop taking the drugs. Calcium channel blockers also have adverse effects on skeletal movements. They inhibit the movement of calcium inwards by slowed channels into the heart, blood vessels allowing the heart to pump blood more easily and increasing the width of the blood vessels. As such, the heart doe not strain in pumping blood lowering the blood pressure. Increase in intercellular concentration of calcium results in eccentric contraction that causes damage in the skeletal muscles by damaging the muscle protein structure (Blottner & Salanova 2010). The damage arises from increased resting calcium, profound loss of involuntary ad voluntary muscles and increase in intracellular calcium concentration. Caffeine is a mild stimulant. It effects as a stimulant and affects brain activity. Caffeine is quickly absorbed by the body the moment

Was the Financial Industry Responsible for the Economic Meltdown of Essay

Was the Financial Industry Responsible for the Economic Meltdown of 2008 - Essay Example Instead, their poor risk management practices are to blame. He however, argues this from the perspective of his financial firm. From this discussion, it will be clear that apart from financial institutions, policy makers also contributed to the financial crisis. It is true that the root cause of this problem was the decline of the housing market, as Bogle and Blankfein note. Bogle is right when he figures out that this problem has roots in the past events, and so its growth was gradual. The most important factor was the Glass-Steagall Act. When the major elements of this act were repealed, the negative consequences started to unfold. This law was enacted in 1933 as a solution to the collapsed banking institutions, after the 1929 financial breakdown. The main act of this law was to protect the deposits of bank customers from investment risks. Separation of investment banks and commercial depository banks during this period also had overwhelming results in the subsequent years. On the negative, this turned banks into financial institutions working for â€Å"agents.† Therefore, since the bank owners were not exposed to any risk, they exercised little caution in their management. Although Blankfein does not directly put the blame on financial bodies for the 2008 financial crisis, he points out that some of their practices were responsible for the economic meltdown. For instance, some financial institutions engaged in too much lending, which in return cheapened credit. In the housing market, this resulted in its growth before plunging into decline. When lending exceeded the appropriate levels, the lending risks became more pronounced and complex. This complexity of instruments made it impossible for them to be sold or bought, hence increasing the effects of the meltdown. This to date remains the causal factor of the financial crisis, and the US government greatly influenced

MANAGING INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP ( Take home exam) Essay

MANAGING INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP ( Take home exam) - Essay Example ar, the team had been able to propose three major new products; they also proposed a new strategy for addressing and treating infection through a revolutionary approach. The key factors that account for the success of this innovative approach to innovation deserve closer scrutiny. A key factor in 3M’s innovative approach is the extraordinary emphasis it gives to information which is collected from its products’ users. The conventional method involves research teams analyzing sales data, field reports, and complaints or requests from customers; thereafter, in-house developers brainstorm for the solution. At 3M, the lead user process involves the gathering of information through an approach that differs essentially from the traditional, because it seeks data not only on the needs but also on the solutions to these needs. It does not acquire its data from the center of the target market, but elicits responses mainly ‘from the leading edges of [the] company’s target market and from markets that face similar problems in a more extreme form’ (Hippel, Thomke, and Sonnack, 1999, p. 47). Lead users refer to the experts on the ‘leading edge of the target market’ (p.49) – that is, those who take a serious interest in the use of the particular product, are more experienced, and would tend to make it their business to examine and form a thorough and grounded perspective on the product, its technology, and the objective which that product is intended to achieve. The success of a lead user approach presents a crucial challenge – how to effectively identify the lead users from the mass of users. So much of this approach hinges on the viewpoints and suggestions of a concentrated few of the broad spectrum of users, not only on their needs but also on likely solutions. Therefore, if the research team recommends solutions which are pursued by the design team that have emanated from the wrong set of users (i.e., non-lead users), then the recommendations may

Personal Fitness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal Fitness - Essay Example Children, who exercise, benefit from the lowered risk of chronic pain in future (Harvey, 2015). Perhaps the most rewarding thing that a person can do to help themselves would be to have regular physical activities, because it not only lowers a person’s weight, but it reduces the risk of diseases such as certain cancers. In addition, it promotes the mental well-being of a person. According to Evers et al (2012), behavioral interventions which applied to a group of people showed that their adherence to physical and mental activities increased as their physical activities increased. Though personal fitness may only involve one person and not as a group of people in a fitness center, Angle (2014) argues that exercising when a person in under the supervision of professionals is extremely important. According to Blitz (2015) getting the right balance between instructing oneself and when using the equipment instead of being supervised is extremely important. As noted by Brett and Chris (2013) the duration that an individual exercises matters because the longer the exercise duration, the lower that it impacts on the individual. This shows that personal fitness is not only a matter of exercising, but knowing how to exercise. Douw et al (2014) proposes that to get the maximum benefits of exercising, a person needs to understand the benefits involved in exercising. Lastly, as noted by Kranz at al (2013) exercising using personalized mobile devices is helpful, for people who want supervisors during exercise routines. Personal fitness does not only mean that a person wants to look better or eat better. It also means that the person is aiming at decreasing his or her risk of diseases, feeling both mentally and physically better and be in a position to perform better at work, school or at home. To show that exercise has many benefits which are not necessarily related to

Good afternoon friends Essay Example for Free

Good afternoon friends Essay The theme of Vicki L. Sears â€Å"Grace† can be seen in the relationship that develops between two of the characters, Billie Jim and Paul. Billie is an orphan who gets along with his sister and is adopted by Paul and his wife. Billie displays a desire to trust and accept their new parents while sister remains suspicious. Vickie Sears illustrate that although children suffer abuse and neglect, there is hope that they can learn to trust and build self-esteem. Billie Jim is a silent child who relies on his sister to protect him. Paul and his wife come to get them but Billie is hiding in a tree to escape from some of the bigger boys. His sister steps in and fights the older boys to get Billie down. She describes him as a â€Å"sissy†. Billie has to use the bathroom, but instead of asking their new parents he pinches his sister. Paul takes him to the restroom and his sisters concern gives us an understanding into prior abuse and possible reasons for Billie Jim’s reserved behavior. Although Paul would never hurt Billie Jim intentionally at the  end of the story he does. His death not only means an end to their relationship, but also an end to their secure home and protection. Billie loses the starring role along with the friend he has made, and is back into his uncertain life led by corrupt adults. â€Å"The Lesson† by Toni Cade Bambara is when Toni attended college and come of age as a writer. Bambara was at the head of radical politics, the feminist movement, and African American culture in Harlem when it was the 60’s. Her writing uncovers the differences forced on  African Americans of that time which America avoided and could not interfere. The story is a window for the reader into Bambara’s reality as much as it is a lesson for the immature woman Sylvia the main character. â€Å"The Lesson† is a first person narrative told by a young, poor, black girl growing up in Harlem in an undetermined time period known as â€Å"Back in the days when everyone was old and stupid or young and foolish, Sugar and I were the only ones just right†. Going by the prices some can accept it was sometime in the early seventies. The story is about a trip started by a local woman, who is the only educated person in the neighborhood and has taken it upon herself to uncover the unthankful children of the neighborhood to the world outside of their worried community. The last stop is FAO Schwartz in Manhattan, where the toys of white children cost more than all of the children’s household yearly incomes combined and the lesson is almost lost on the children. The story closes by making plans to spend the left over cab fare change they stole from Miss Moore. At the last second Sylvia turns on her friend and goes off alone to think of the events of the day. The story’s theme focuses on education and the need for education as the results of knowledge. It proves how learning can lead to grief but that the grief is necessary for helpful change. The author also studies different types of pride and purposes of leadership and the various ways people show respect or disrespect for each other. Underlying the entire story is the concept of economic difference between whites and blacks in the United States.

Kids Health Essay Example for Free

Kids Health Essay 1.1:- Explain what it means to have a duty of care in own work role. 1.2:- Explain how a duty of care contributes to safeguarding or protection of individuals. Having a duty of care is an obligation to a professional, a child and family. Any family placing a child within an early years setting should feel that staff members will take full care of their child and that they will be safe. Any professional caring for a child would be held responsible if the minimum standard of care is not met. â€Å"If a duty of care is not met in a role that requires it, then the responsible person can be held accountable for allowing negligence to occur.† Meggit (2011) Providing a duty of care to a child is to ensure that they are at no harm. This would mean that a professional would need to be aware of giving the child right amount of attention, watching for potential hazards and making wise choices in the steps taken to ensure a child’s safety. There are legislations that early years setting must take full consideration of when proving a duty of care. Such as the Child Care Act 2006. This act incorporates the welfare standards in which all staff who look after children under the age of 8 should comply with. In September 2008 it became a legal responsible for care givers to ensure that all provisions are met. The welfare requirements of this are that within setting there should be an adult to child ratio. Every child matters used to be a government requirement but now it is guidance. This framework helps to safeguard and protect children. This framework says that children must be; Safe Healthy Achieve economically Contribute to society positively Enjoy life Safeguarding is very important within any early year’s setting. Safeguarding helps to protect children from malnutrition and negligence. Some safeguarding procedures within my own work placement are signing in and out books and everyday security checks. This means on my arrival I am asked to present my student ID or any other form to prove who I am. I cannot enter the child care setting at all, as all doors are controlled from the office inside. All doors are kept locked, and have pin locks on them. This ensures that even if an adult was able to get into the setting doors would be sealed. One example of duty of care not being given is about a small girl that died. Molly Cunliffe was unlawfully killed, in a nursery setting, in July 2007 when she was left in the care of an unqualified 17-year old student. The 16 month old child choked on a cloth bag tie when in her cot. Mr. Cunliffe says that â€Å"This is the result in unforgivable negligence and the needless death of our daughter Molly.† Nursery world (10/3/2014) There are a number of ways that providing a duty of care contributes to the safe guarding or protection of individuals. These include; Adult to child ratio’s Procedures Indoor and outdoor checks Security checks (ID), sign in and out book Trained first aiders Unqualified staff always supervised Uniform CCTV CRB/DBS checks Counting children on a regular basis/ registers Look belongings away/ phones locked away Visitor badge On arrival at my placement I am let in when a member of staff recognises me. I am then instantly told to sign myself in and security check to ensure that I am who I say I am. This means I need to present my student ID. This helps to protect children from strange people coming into the building. The setting is also a looked premises. This helps staff to know who is in the building. When arriving into my room, I am asked to sign into the room. Children are also signed in and out of the room. Children are also counted regular throughout the day. This ensures that no child is missing. When going to placement I am expected to wear my uniform. On my uniform its states when I am from and when course I am doing. With my uniform I am asked to wear a student badge. This helps to protect children because they are aware that I am supposed to be there. Adults and parents can also see that I am working with their children for a reason and that I am no danger. When arriving at placement I place all my items in a locker. This has to have  my phone in and any other valuables. This ensures safeguarding because it prevents me and other professionals from taking photographs of children or adding confidential information on social networking sites. Procedures such as accident, illness and injury forms help to protect children and members of staff. These forms are kept confidential but parents are able to look at these records as and when they like. It also protects staff from allegations. At my placement they have CCTV and open nappy changing rooms. CCTV helps to ensure that all children are protected and are always visible to staff. This can help when an adult or child may make an allegation. Open changing rooms help protect children and their confidentiality. CCTV means that staff are visible at all times but children being changed cannot be seen on the camera. As I am an unqualified adult in the setting, I am always supervised by qualified members of staff. This protects children because they will always be supervised by someone that they know and feel safe around. There is also a trained first aider within the setting that will be able to assist when a child is injured. 2.1:- Describe potential conflicts or dilemmas that may arise between the duty of care and the individual’s rights. Everyone is entitled to their basic human rights. These are the right to food, shelter, health care, safety and protection from abuse. Children in generally will not be able to stand up for themselves. United Nations drew up a charter ‘The United Convention’ on the rights of a child. â€Å"The Children and Young Persons Act 1933 consolidated all existing â€Å"child protection† work at that time into one act† Child protection (17/11/11) The children and young people’s act 1933 imposes a criminal responsibility for adults. This means that if an adult chooses to leave their child in the care of someone, and something was to happen, they would be held responsible. Choosing inadequate care for a child would be seen as neglect. Potential dilemmas or conflicts that could arise within a setting could be; A child’s appearance and hygiene: Dirty clothes, unkempt, smelly Constant and unexplained bruises and injuries Change in personality and behaviour: Changing from quiet to very unsettled or aggressive. Dramatic change in weigh, food problems: Change in appetite or stealing food. Continuously saying and reporting things that happen: Telling members of staff that they have been hit. Dilemmas or conflict would be managed within setting by arranging regular meetings. This wouldnt just focus on a child’s concerns but also a child’s achievements. Regular meetings would keep a parent updated in any changes. This also offers an opportunity for professionals to support a parent if they need the support and advice. Policies and procedures such as confidentiality and safeguarding are always available for parents to read and understand. Parents would read and sign the policies and procedures to show that they understand and agree with what they settings do in relevance to safeguarding and providing a duty of care to their child. Having policies and procedures helps to ensure that that parents are fully informed of any action they would need to take if an issue was bought up. Although professionals will keep things confidential, if a child is at risk someone else would needs to be informed. Forms and information regarding a parent’s child are always available for them to read. Professionals will build up a strong trust worthy relationship with parents and child so that they feel any issues or concerns can be dealt with calmly. This will help to ensure that if conflict does happen, the adults knows that they are talking to someone that trust them, understands them and will offer professional advice. Some situations such as behaviour, health and safety and confidentiality can or may cause conflict. These may arise between an individual’s rights and the duty of care. Confidentiality: The possible risk may be that the child is a risk of significant harm. It isn’t always possible to keep confidentiality if concerns are raised about a child’s safety. If confidentiality is broken, conflict could arise though losing the trust of the parent. Ways of managing the risks are settings having policies and procedures regarding confidentiality and safeguarding. Parents should be aware of the procedures professionals may need to take when a concern is bought up. Health and safety: A health and safety risk may be a child being left un supervised at home alone. This could but the child in serious danger. Also if a child is regularly absent for nursery/school, this could cause a concern. Ways of managing the risks are to offer guidance and support to adult/parents about breakfast clubs and after school clubs. Additional support could be giving them leaflets to help with financial and child care cost. Behaviour: If a child has a dramatic change in behaviour; for example changing from very calm to unsettled or aggressive, could be signs of a further medical condition such as ADHD. It can also affect a child’s learning and development if they are progressively finding it hard to concentrate on activities or group reading time. A way settings would manage this would be to have a good behavioural management and to speak to parents about there prefer way of dealing with bad behaviour. If a setting felt that  a parent’s behaviour management wasn’t affective enough, professionals could other strategies. 2.3:- Explain where to get additional support and advice about conflicts and dilemmas. There is a wide range of additional support that can offer advice about conflicts and dilemmas such as LEA (Local Educational Authority) This authority offers advice on special educational needs. They are educational advisors. These advisors will draw up an individual plan for a child. This should be reviewed every year. The special educational needs coordinator (SENCO) will work in partner shit with settings, children and parents to find the right support the child needs. â€Å"Parents should be involved in developing the individual’s educational plan, and the child should also get the chance for input.† Young Minds (2014) Another place professionals can get additional advice from is health services such as school nurses and play therapists. School nurses not only deal with children being ill, they also have an important role in promoting good health. â€Å"School nurses do vision and hearing screenings and a children how to take care of themselves.† Kids Health (2014) School nurses also work with children with special needs such as diabetes and teach them about their condition and monitor them while they are in the setting. Nurses give patients and families compassionate support when they need it. A play therapist also works with children that may have problems such as; Loss through bereavements, family breakups and separation Illness or disability Experienced neglect and abuse Children with low self esteem and anxiety issues Play therapist will adapt to suit individual needs and appropriate age. Play therapist helps children to explore their feelings and emotions and make sense of them. Play therapists work with children through role play, sensory play and different toys to help build a trust relationship between them. Social service work closely in partnership to help advise about conflict and dilemmas. â€Å"Social services have a statutory obligation to safeguard and promote the welfare of vulnerable children and can provide a wide range of services to children and their parents.† Family lives (2014) Charities offer addition support to practitioners and advise through different groups of people. Some charities that offer addition support are; Barnado’s NSPCC Save the children Noah’s arch bereavement support The NSPCC (National Society For Prevention Of cruelty To Children.) offer addition support through a help line. They are a 24 hour service. This allows practitioners to discuss child pretention concerns. They also offer and information service where practitioners can find out changes in child protection policies, practice and research. Noah’s ark is a charity based on offer support to children with limited or life threatening illness. This charity works closely in partnership with families and other agencies by offering flexible support. They help families live positively and support them through bereavement. They offer emotional and physical support through the child’s life. 3.1:- Describe how to respond to complaints. When responding to complaints, there are things practitioners should and should not do. Should: Practitioners should always remain in a professional manor. This would mean following set procedures and remaining calm when dealing with any complaints made. It is also important so that bonds and relationships are not broken. Remaining confidential is very important. People remain confidential to avoid conflict. The only time when confidentiality is broken is when there is a safeguarding issue. Following the confidentiality procedure will prevent people taking sides and gossiping about the situation. It is important that practitioner always explain the importance of the issue. This means making people aware of what is going on. By following policies and procedures, the situation can be resolved. When responding to complaints, good body language will show that a practitioner is listening to what the other person has to say. Being attentive will show that their views are being listened to and understood. Making eye contact and informs the speaker that they are being listened to and will show that they are empathising them. â€Å". people will usually make eye contact as a signal that they are ready to listen.† Meggit (2011) Shouldn’t :- When responding to complaints there are many things that practitioners should not do. Practitioners should not dismiss people’s opinions and views. This can cause them to feel threatened and make them think that their views and opinion are not valued. Do not interrupt when the other person is speaking. This can seem rude and make them feel that they are in the wrong. All opinions should be valued and dealt with fairly. Practitioners should not be judgemental. If people are judged they may feel that their opinion is being dismissed and they are in the wrong. Practitioners should never compare. If an individual is compare to another can make them feel out casted and different. It is important to remember that all children are different and develop at different stages. No child is unable to do something; they are working towards achieving it. 3.2:- Explanation of main points of agreed procedures for handling complaints. Policies and procedures: All early years settings will have policies and procedures for making complaints. This will make people aware that if they have complaints to make they know where to go and how it will be dealt with. Have relevant forms for complaint makings. This will allow the setting to deal with the complaint quickly and effectively. All complaints should be treated as important no matter what the complaint is about. When a complaint is made, it should be dealt with immediately. This will prevent the situation getting worst. Depending on the seriousness of complaint, it would be made to the manager or a named person. For example the safeguarding officer, governors or local authorities. If the report is made against the manager is should be taken to the person next in command. A meeting should be help separately for the relevant people to talk about the situation. This meeting should be held in privacy. Both staff/adult should be allowed a witness with them so that they feel safe. During a meeting notes should be taken on the situation, but they should always be repeated and explained. No meeting should end without an action or review date. This could be signing an agreement of the action taken and to agree that they complaint has been resolved.

Carnival Cruises Analysis

Carnival Cruises Analysis Carnival Corporation is the largest and most successful cruise lines in the world. Their corporate offices are located in Miami, Florida with over 91,000 employees with offices all over the world. It all started in 1972 by Ted Arison who had a vision to create the greatest cruise line in the world. Carnival slowly started to grow and over time was awarded The Worlds Most Popular Cruise Line.(Carnival, 2006) On 1987 the management team decided to take advantage to its well-known reputation and went public entering in the New York Stock Exchange as CCL. Today Carnival has added over 100 ships and acquired premium cruise lines in almost every sector of the industry. In 1989 Holland America Line was acquired by Carnival adding niche operators including Windstar Cruises and Alaskan/Canadian cruise lines. In 1992 several luxury liner, where acquired such as Seabourn and Europes largest operator Costa Cruises. Carnival was not done expanding and in 1998 they acquired the prestiges luxury operator Cunard who built the world largest ocean liner Queen Mary 2. (Carnival, 2006) Carnival Corporation was beginning to take shape, but on 2003 they successfully merged with Princess Cruises creating a global power house. Carnival also purchased P O cruises, Ibero cruises and AIDA Cruises lines. Carnival had become the largest cruise operator in the world from US to Europe. Although Carnival managed several cruise line operator each line had its own distinction and separate operations. In 1972 Ted Arison owner and operator of all Carnival had a vision. Ted story begins when he took a small ship called the Mardi Gras and converted it into a small ocean liner. The Mardi Gras was an innovative cruise liner like no other for its time that only made a one-way trip from Miami to San Juan, Puerto Rico. (Carnival, 2006) Although it wasnt easy surviving, Ted Arison was focused to be successful and on 1974 he became full owner of Carnival cruise line. Organization as large as Carnival has management team that is broken up to different divisions. It starts from CEO Chairman Micky Arison, the next tier down is Howard S Frank as the COO who over sees all businesses of company, within that same tier is David Bernstein who is CFO of all Businesses. The Next tier down is Richard Ames SVP of Shared Services, within same tier Arnaldo Perez SVP General Counsel and Secretary. Next tier down is Larry Freedman who is Chief Accounting Officer and Controller. The last tier down are all the divisional Presidents who manage AIDA Cruises, Carnival Cruise Lines, Carnival Australia, Carnival UK, Costa Crociere S.p.A, Cunard Line, Holland America Line , Princess Cruises and Seabourn Cruise Line. (David, 2013) Carnivals overall goal is to collaborate all its brands to reach every area of the cruising industry. Carnivals main focus is to attract all types of customers who are in different demographic, budgets, geographic and all cultures. The main concepts that Carnival tries to achieve is to be known as Fun Ship, along with all the amenities that go with it such as Luxury, elegance and exotic destination. (David, 2013) Carnival has invested in their own marketing division, were they offer a 10% commission to their travel agents and offer other bonus programs. The marketing division has focused on marketing material, advertisement, website interaction, seminars and videos. These efforts are too assist agent in the field to generate more sales. Their website division has created promotional campaigns that offer discounts, VIP savings, resident discounts, special meals, and holiday deals. (David, 2013) Carnival domestic and international destinations are growing. New routes are being developed and new ships are being built. Travelers most appealing destinations are the Caribbean, Alaska, Bahamas, Hawaii, Mediterranean/Greek Island/Turkey, Bermuda, Europe, Panama Canal and least appealing West coast of Mexico.(David, 2013). Competition is growing among the other cruise lines and more theme based environment is beginning to evolve. For example, onboard amenities are being created such as cell phone access, entertainment, villas, multiple themed restaurant, fitness center and spas are making this industry competitive. (David, 2013)More and more people are cruising and more bigger and better luxury liners are being built around the clock. Carnival is the leader in the industry but it must not lose their edge because competition can knock them down to second place. Executive Summary Carnivals Mission statement is to be the worlds largest cruise operator that offers exceptional customer service to all its clientele. Carnivals number one goal is for its passengers to have an memorable experience and to continue to travel on Carnival. Carnival would like to offer its clients a One-stop shop for traveling. Carnival has eleven different Cruise lines around the world that can make that happen. Despite of economic down turns of the tourism industry; Carnival has continuously grown and expanded their portfolio of cruise line brands. Carnival Corporation has ten cruise lines with one hundred active vessels. In its portfolio of cruise line, Carnival has been able to generate nine percent revenue and delivering new ships each year. Carnival growth strategy has allowed the company to achieve a four percent increase in revenue growth and maintain the largest and most profitable travel company globally. Since its public offering and forty years in business, Carnival has managed to acquire multiple cruise lines that cater to the global travelers. Carnivals global expansion is now reaching out to travelers in North America, Europe and Australia. Carnival cruises continue to offer itineraries products around the world and offer all types of entertainment including excursions. Carnival continues to venture into regions that are untapped markets, such as Asia to increase market share. Cruise industry has many competitors trying to take each others market share. The few players who compete with each are Carnival Corporation, Royal Caribbean Cruises, Celebration Cruise line, Star Cruises, Norwegian Cruise Lines and Radisson Seven Seas Cruises. Each company has its own niche and advertises in a certain clientele. With an all-inclusive themes cruise liners are beginning to distinguish themselves by the type of services they offer. The industry trend is to create massive ships that allow cruise line to offer more activities that can generate additional revenues to the cruise company. Today the Cruise industry is growing and more ships are currently in production. Cruising is now a major player in the traveling industry and more and more people are cruising today. Market conditions for the cruise industry is growing and for the last five years the cruise industry has been growing at 8% each year. (Cruise tourism, 2010). Internal Assessment (A) After reviewing three years of Carnival 10k data from Financial Statement and Balance sheet, we can see that Carnival is the biggest cruise line operator in the world. The analysis of ratios is broken up into five segments including, liquidity, activity, profitability, asset management and leverage. Within these segments you can see the companys current ratio to total debt to assets. This data indicates the company is strong and sound. Under the current ratios you take the current assets divide by current liabilities which include cash, accounts receivable and short term investments. Carnival shows a down trend of liquidity from 2009 to 2011. When you look at the current ratios, you see that in 2009 the current ratios were 0.31. In 2010 there was a 0.09 drop which left them with a current ratio of .22, and in 2011 you only see a .01 drop which left them with a current ratio of .21. Carnivals receivables turnover shows an increase in the ability to extend credit sales and collect receivables as the years progressed from 2009 to 2011. Carnival has a successful rate on collecting receivable. In 2009, Carnival had an Accounts Receivable Turnover of 37, had increased by 27% for a total of 47 in 2010. During 2011 you see a 30% increase in accounts receivable turnover which left them with a ratio of .61 in 2011. Carnival shows they are able to extend credit and collect in a 30 day timeframe. Looking at Carnivals Return on Asset percentage, you can see in 2009 ROA came in at 4.86 has an increase of 0.46% in 2010 for a total of 5.32% and incurred a slight decrease. In 2011 the total ROA came in at 5.02%. Under the Total Assets Turnover (TAT) you see Carnival shows an increase during 2009 -2011. In 2009, Carnival had a TAT of .37, an increase of .02% in 2010 for a TAT of .39, and in 2011 reflected another .02% increase for a TAT of .41. Based on the ROA and TAT comparisons, Carnival maximizes their assets and the number shows an upward trend. When you look at the Operating Profit Margin (OPM) on Carnival you see margins have been declining through the period of 2009-2011. Carnival had an OPM of 16% in 2009, 16.22% in 2010 and a decrease in 2011 to 14.28%.Net income by percentage of sales declined for Carnival from 2010 to 2011 by 1.56%, while they only saw a gain in sales of .37% from 2009 to 2010. Now, when you look at earning per Share (EPS), as a shareholder these numbers would indicate how profitable the company can be which Carnival had EPS of 2.24 in 2009, and increase in EPS of 0.23to total 2.47 in 2010, and a slight decrease of .05 in 2011 to total 2.42. Stock holder for Carnival would probably want to hold onto their stock as it shows a consistent trend. Overall, Carnival has lower liquidity ratios and has much better management of its assets, relies less on debt to finance its assets. Carnival has higher price per earning percentage for 2011. When you look at stock price history, Carnival has a consistent price in the $30s price range. After looking at all ratios from Liquidity Ratios, Leverage ratios, Activity ratios, Profitability ratios and growth ratios. Carnival has great management of its assets and it is stable for investors. Internal Assessment (B) Organization as large as Carnival has management team that is broken up to different divisions. It starts from CEO Chairman Micky Arison, the next tier down is Howard S Frank as the COO who over sees all businesses of company, within that same tiers is David Bernstein who is CFO of all Businesses. The Next tier down is Richard Ames SVP of Shared Services, within same tier Arnaldo Perez SVP General Counsel and Secretary. Next tier down is Larry Freedman who is Chief Accounting Officer and Controller. The last tier down are all the divisional Presidents who manage AIDA Cruises, Carnival Cruise Lines, Carnival Australia, Carnival UK, Costa Crociere S.p.A, Cunard Line, Holland America Line , Princess Cruises and Seabourn Cruise Line. (David, 2013) If you look at the organization chart Carnival Management team, you see the hierarchical of the line relationship of the chain of command. Carnival runs an effective organization but I would recommend a different approach. The Chain of command will start with the CEO which looks at the overall executive team. The tier below would be Chief operation officer which will manage all internal departments such as Marketing, Sales, Customer Service and Operations. On this same line of command you have Chief financial officer which will manage the accounting department along with the controllers. Next to the CFO you have president of Cruise lines this position will oversee all the regional directors. The next tier down would be American cruise director which will manages all Domestic cruise lines and a European cruise director which will handle all international cruise lines. The next tier down would be the Presidents of Carnival US, Holland America and Princess Cruises. On the same tier you will find Presidents for Aida, Carnival Australia, Carnival UK, Costa Cruises, Cunard and Seabourn. These Presidents will manage all the lower level management such as the Vice Presidents and Managers. This organizational chart has a chain of command that manages all levels of the company. The power of executive has more upper management to the managers and this way there is a clear communication channel to the top. The current organization chart doesnt have a chain of command that manages the entire company and all its divisions. When comparing Carnival from its competitors such as Royal Caribbean, Norwegian and Disney you can see where these cruise lines compete with one other. The Profile is broken up by four categories, High Customer Service, Low Customer Service, and Expensive to In-Expensive. Customer Service is large role when it comes to cruising. Prices also play a major role when it comes on choosing a cruise line. I compared all four companies on a 4-7 day cruise to the Caribbean departing from Miami, Fort Lauderdale and Port Canaveral. After comparing the reviews and prices of all four cruises, the most expensive trip was Royal Caribbean. Oasis of the Sea is one of the largest ships cruise ship in the world with a rating of 88% in customer satisfaction and pricing ranging from $749 to $1599(not including taxes, port fees, off season). Travelers rated Disney Dream cruise of 84% with pricing ranging $480 to $1900(not including taxes, port fees, off season, 4 night cruise). Critics gave Carnival Dream a 75% rating with pricing ranging from $299 to $749(not including taxes, port fees, off season).The last company evaluated was Norwegian Epic receiving a 72% rating with prices from $429 to $899(not including taxes, port fees, off season). Carnival Strategies is to compete by offering the most affordable all inclusive entertainment travel experience anyone can have. Carnival Cruise Lines has 24 ships in its fleet. Carnival purchase used ships and refurbishes them with new enhancements. By doing this Carnival is saving millions of dollars and is able to keep costs low. Another strategy carnival does is that it purchases large amounts of fuel when price of oil is low. Carnival marketing strategy is to brand their name as the fun ship; people are drawn to affordable traveling that has tons of fun. The advantage that Carnival has is that its the largest cruise operator in the world. This allows Carnival to have negotiating power politically, along with negotiating new ports or to expand smaller ports. This allows Carnival to increase their ship line and increase demographic reach. The disadvantage is that Carnival is known as the cheapest cruise line with refurbished ships that cater to the masses. Royal Caribbean strategy is to focus on purchases newer ships. By doing this they are building on their name brand recognition and promoting value to all of their luxury lines. Royal Caribbean disadvantages are that they have expensive ships that need to generate a high return on investment. Another disadvantage are fuel cost this can really affect the profitability of the company. Royal Caribbean main goal is to dominate the cruise industry with one name brand at a time. Norwegian Cruises line strategy has around 8% market share in industry and growing. The advantage Norwegian has is that they have 13 ships in there fleet. There demographics is growing from North America, Hawaii, Alaska and Europe. Norwegian disadvantages is that there fleet of 13 consist of older to new ships which requires frequent renovations. Having older ships can affect the name brand recognition of Norwegian for having an image of having old ships. Overall Norwegian Cruise Lines has many good attributes that they have introduced, such as casual dining variety of restaurants and Las Vegas shows. These are popular themes that the industry is following. Internal Assessment (D) Carnivals value is to offer world class service at a fraction of the price. The Fun Ship is there motto and that is what they would like to be known for. They spend countless hours trying to create activities that all of the passengers would love and enjoy. Carnivals number one goal is for all its passengers to have a memorable experience and to return back to its lines. SWOT Analysis Strengths The largest cruise operator in the world with eleven cruise brands0 Carnival most profitable company in the industry. Has established name brand recognition as the Fun Ship. Carnival has negotiating powers with vendors, ports and political figures. Able to purchase fuel when prices are low. Weaknesses Revenues are dropping. Carnival generates majority revenues in North America which means economy can affect the company. Currencies devaluation. Long term debt on new ship construction. Opportunity There is still market share in the vacationing market. Bigger ships are being made that carry more people. Asia is an untapped market. Threats US Tax loopholes may be expiring Cap and Trade Accidents on the ships Security of the ships from pirates. Internal Factor Evaluation Matrix Internal Factor PESTLE Analysis Political / Government Ongoing relations with Politicians and cruise line operators are essentials. Politicians are directly involved on expanding and creating ports, taxes, environmental fees, trade restrictions and tariffs. These projects need the backing from the Politicians. Without agreements with governments, cruise operators would not be able to conduct business in their countries. Governments and Political factors work hand and hand in the cruise industry. Each countries government is in communication with the cruise ship operators from port facilitation to emergencies safety rescue occurrences. Depending on the region, Pirates are a continuing problem. Cruise ship companies rely on local governments for protection from these threats. Government plays an important role when it comes to safety protection. There are mutual benefits when working together with cruise ship companies. The cruise industry offers an increase of local employment within the city and its ports. For example restaurants, hotels, taxis, theme parks, museums, shops, taxi drivers and travel guides are all positively affected. In some countries tourism brings large sums of revenues to the local city and governments. This enhances the relationship with cruise companies and Politicians. Economic The cruise line industry is growing at a growth rate of 8% and more people are traveling today than ever before. Many Economic factors are involved, such as clienteles economic positions, growth in markets, currencies rates when working international and inflation plays a role. Cruise operators will be affected under management and operational levels. If the price of fuel starts to increase, then this will affect operating cost of the company. If interest rates increase then this will affect the revenues of the company. Economic factor plays a major role of the survival of the company. Social / Cultural / Demographic Social factors are measured by the Demographics, Population Growth and Age of their clientele. Popularity destinations and customer experiences will identify cruise industry demands. For example if a certain demographic and age, has a positive experience on their vacation. Then a positive trend will occur for that demographic and age segment. Social studies are important to the cruise industry to determine marketing opportunities on certain segments of the cruise industry. Today cultural factors play a role when traveling on a cruise ship. There are several cultural destinations from The Caribbean, Alaska, Western Mexico, Mediterranean, Europe, South America and Asia pacific. The Caribbean is most popular cultural destination in the world and Mediterranean is next in popularity. As the cruise industry grows more cultural destinations will be available. Demographics factors are important when conducting research and development. When conducting research they look at certain segments from Age, Income, Sex, Civil status, Occupancy, Education and Employment status. Conducting market study requires statistical data on each demographics. There are four different segments that are broken down by Luxury, Premium, Contemporary and Special. With all this information gathered, research and development can create a market strategy that will provide valuable information when creating an itineraries or new destinations. Technological Technological factors are important externally and internally within the company. Having good communications from management to operations is a critical factor when operating a company. Cruise companies are also looking for new technological advancement that can help improve safety occurrences. New technologies are being developed to assist the multibillion dollar industry. Due to the increase production of new ships, technologies are advancing each year. Cruise ships are looking for the most advanced Maritime technology, GPS systems and Satellite Weathering systems that the industry offers. Now that cruising has become a large part of the travel industry new and safer systems are in demand. Legal The Legal factors are important to the cruise industry. The cruise industry has been monitored for many types of law violations, such as employment, consumer, health and safety violations. If any cruise company is caught, violating any of these laws, large fines or criminal penalties can result from it. The legal occurrences can damage political and governmental relations. This is why Legal factors play an important role to the cruise industry. Environment The Environment factors have a large impact to the cruise industry. For example climate change and weather can impact the cruise industry as a whole. The cruise ships have advance weathering systems that can detect storm movement. Environmental factors must be addressed when creating newer cruise ship. Cruise operators goals are to decrease the environmental effects to the environment, thus decreasing climate change. For example reverse osmosis systems, shore power systems and wastewater systems all help decrease their environmental footprint. With pressures from Politians, cruise companies are forced to implement new environmental friendly technologies that can have a positive effect to the environment.

The Iran-Iraq War Essay -- War Middle East Essays

The Iran-Iraq War While the Iran-Iraq War during the 1980's may have permanently altered the course of progress in Iran and Iraq, the war also altered the resulting permanent involvement of the rest of the world in the middle-east. The rich and complicated history in Iraq has established numerous cultural and ethnic traditions that all play a part in where the country is today. The Iran-Iraq War brought into focus some of those traditions and how they conflicted, while also bringing Iraq and its economic situation into the spotlight. Being on top of some of the most mineral rich soil in the world makes Iraq a major contributor to the world's economy through petroleum and crude oil exports. This, among other reasons, ties nations all around the world to Iraq. As a result the Iran-Iraq War played a major role, and was a major turning point, in the international events that have led to the United States involvement in Iraq, including the Gulf War/Desert Storm, and the recent 2003 invasion of Iraq. This American presence in Iraq has also led to United States involvement with the middle-east in general and has pulled the United States into an area of conflict far older than itself. Iraq is part of what was anciently known as Mesopotamia, or ?the land between two rivers.? The region where the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers come together has come to be known as the ?Cradle of Civilization,? and when studied to any degree, one can easily understand why the conflicts in modern-day are so complex. First it was the Sumerians who settled Mesopotamia back in 4000BC, than it was Akkadians, then the Assyrians, the Babylonians, and the Persians. By the seventh century AD, the Arab Muslims had emerged as a ruling force and the ... ...2. Pelletiere, Stephen C. and Johnson, Douglas V. Lessons Learned : The Iran-Iraq War. Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College. Carlisle Barracks, Pennslyvania. 1991. Pelletiere, Stephen C., Johnson, Douglas V., and Rosenburger, Leif R. Iraqi Power and U.S. Security in the Middle East. Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College. Carlisle Barracks, Pennslyvania. 1990. Staff Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations United States Senate : Chemical Weapons Use In Kurdistan : Iraq?s Final Offensive. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington D.C. 1988. http://www.iranchamber.com/history. May 2003. http://www.news.bbc.co.uk. January 2001. http://Lcweb2.loc.gov. May 2003. http://www.truthout.org. June 2001. Vanity Fair, January and February 2002, as well as Time, March 10, 2003, were all indirectly cited as well.

Use of the Female Gothic in Beloved Essay -- Toni Morrison Beloved Ess

Use of the Female Gothic in Beloved      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved is a slave narrative, but it encompasses much more than slavery.   Unlike many slave narratives that focus on the male perception of slavery, Morrison's novel portrays slavery from a feminine point of view.   The main characters are Sethe, her daughter, Denver, and the mysterious Beloved.   In the beginning of the novel, Sethe and her daughter live alone in 124, a house that is haunted by the ghost of Sethe's first daughter. Sethe's two older boys, "Howard and Buglar, had run away by the time they were thirteen years old. Soon after the sons have fled, Baby Suggs, Denver's grandmother, dies.   The novel centers on Sethe's past, in particular, the death of her first daughter.   This event dominates the book and the action of the novel revolves around this terrible incident.   In Beloved, Toni Morrison utilizes characteristics of the female gothic novel such as mothering, living within enclosed spaces, and the doubli ng of characters, coupled with dilemmas involving memory and repression, to address the issue of slavery.    Beloved illustrates the notion of the gothic mother through the character of Sethe.   Her motherly love is turned into a horrific image of mercy, one that many find difficult to understand. At the time, slaves were valued as property.   They were bred as if they were horses, with their young snatched away from them, often at birth, and no chance of having a family.   Many children were "permanently separated from any other family members, [and] did not know if or when they would ever see their mother[s] again" (King 527).   Sethe describes her own childhood experience with the woman she knew as her mother and it is typical of the experi... ...illions of lives and Morrison gives those lives names and faces.   The narrative form is an effective tool to bring the reality of slavery and all its misery into everyday life.    Works Cited Goddu, Teresa A. Gothic America. New York: Columbia UP, 1997. King, Wilma. "Within the Professional Household: Slave Children in the Antebellum South." The Historian 59.3 (1997): 523-540. Kristeva, Julia. Powers of Horror. New York: Columbia UP, 1982. Morrison, Toni. Beloved. New York: Penguin Group, 1987. Samuels, Wilfred and Clenora Hudson-Weems. Ed. Toni Morrison. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1990. Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. The Coherence of Gothic Conventions. New York: Methuen, 1976. Smith, Valerie. "Circling the Subject: History and Narrative in Beloved." Toni Morrison. Henry Gates, Jr. and K.A. Appiah. Ed. New York: Amistad Press, 1993.

Irans Past and Future :: Iran Social Change History Essays

Iran's Past and Future â€Å"Does this look like love?!† Janet yelled at her mother-in-law, shoving the dented gold bracelet towards her. Her mother in law didn’t notice; she was talking as well, â€Å"He even threatened me, saying that if I or anyone else asked him about his personal life, they wouldn’t be allowed to come to his house any more.† Neither woman was listening; Janet just kept talking, â€Å"Last week, I caught him burning his hand with a cigarette in the basement.† Both women were talking about Ben, Janet’s husband. A few minutes before, he had left their six thousand square foot home in the foothills outside Tehran, Iran while Janet lay unconscious on the floor, bruised from the latest of his beatings. While Janet continued yelling about her husband to her in-laws who lived next door, he was headed to her parent’s house for reasons that would take her years to understand. Janet wasn’t actually at the scene of the crime, but she remembers the stories and the court testimonies later. She knows what happened. She knows that her parents got in the car with Ben after he drove to their house. She knows that he told them that he had beaten their daughter to death with his bare hands and she knows that her father reacted as most fathers would, he was angry beyond words. He pulled his knife and let it fly. She knows that her mother tried to stop him; her hand was sliced and bandaged later. And she knows that the car wrecked and that it was her father that called the police. She knows all of this because she spent too much time living it and too much time thinking about it. But what she doesn’t know is why it all had to happen to her. A lithe, middle aged Armenian woman whose smile overshadows her worry lines, Janet Lelham was unable to handle her story, her nightmare, until just a few years ago. Now she can tell you as much as you’d like to know. She can tell you the five minute, abbreviated version, focused on the horrors of running from her home and hiding in foreign countries as a refugee. Or, if you have the time, she can tell you a little bit more of the story, this time replete with images of the death of both her husband and her father.

Family Story Essay

Jayla had a difficult childhood that kept her busy. She was an African American girl living with a working class family. She had problems with her family which even increased when her parents refused to buy her vegetarian meals. She just didn’t like the taste of meat. She had a child at 16 and was forced to raise the child on her own. It was an untimely pregnancy like 88% of teen births in the US. When she was 14, she thought she had found the love of her life in a classmate of hers named Jaylin. She thought that he would help he forget about the troubled relationship with her parents which she had formerly tried by using alcohol. These risk factors increased the chance that she would get engaged in early sex. The relationship was not as great as she had thought. It showed the exchange theory when her boyfriend paid less costs in the relationship and got more rewards which was the opposite for Jayla. This caused her to have dependency issues with him. One of the rewards for Jaylin was sex. Jayla had sex because of a threat to end the relationship because she grew so attached to him that she would rather have sex than have him leave her. They only used barriers like condoms to protect her against pregnancy. She didn’t have as much of a problem with having it after a while because she was told by her parents if she was going to have sex to use protection which is common for most parents. Their attitudes demonstrated the permissiveness with affection category of Ira Reiss’ four categories. In August Jaya gave birth to her daughter who she named Rain because the rain was the only thing that seemed to calm her down after a long fight with her parents. This made Rain a part of the 39. % of unmarried births in the US. After Rain was born, it didn’t get much easier for Jayla. Her mother had forced her to take care of the child on her own without any help from other family. She was forced to drop out of high school to take care of Rain. Shortly after giving birth, Jaylin left because he said it was too much work for him to be a father. This left Jayla devastated and made her one of the 9. 9 million single mothers in the US. She faced responsibility overload trying to have enough money to pay for Rain’s needs as a child. She also had to contend with emotional overload because she didn’t have enough time to focus on her own needs. She dealt with task overload because she had to do the work of two parents almost by herself. She started going to church with Rain which is where she lost her dependency issues and it helped her refrain from sexual activity. This also made her mind more expressive which is the norm for females. Aiden’s childhood was also troubled. He was an only child who lived with a fairly wealthy family. His parents focused more on their work than they did on him. Also the family was moving constantly from place to place because of his father’s job. Aiden never had enough time to make close friendships with people because of this frequent moving around. Both of these factors caused him to develop emotional loneliness which is fewer intimate relationships than desired. This loneliness made him focus on people and their reactions which interested him. His mind mainly focused on logic and reasoning which is the average for males. When he went to college he started his studies in sociology to continue his interest in the interactions between people. This loneliness went away during college when he started going to church and interacted with fellow Christians. This church was where he met Jayla. When Jayla and Aiden met, they both could feel a connection between them. It helped their growing relationship that they were both androgynous which means they take on both feminine and masculine traits. This is because it increased their intimacy with more love, affection, and attachment to one another. They got married two and a half years after they started dating. This early marriage is quite rare nowadays. Their gender roles in the family skewed some from traditional views. Both of them helped raised the children, worked for a living, and took care of the trailer. The fact that both of the parents worked made it unlike a monolithic family. Jayla wanted to extend the family early because she wanted to have children while she had healthy eggs and have more energy to keep up with them. Her fertility was better because she was a vegetarian so it increased by eating proteins from plants and not animals. Eleven months after they were married Jayla gave birth to her second child, a baby boy named Kyle. Their relationship didn’t come without its share of problems. A while into their relationship they noticed people border patrolling against them. People were treating them like they were abnormal just because they were an interracial couple. Their relationship seemed even more abnormal because it was a white man with a black woman. Later on, Aiden was arrested for assault on Jayla’s supervisor for sexually harassing her. Her supervisor was not charged with anything because harassment is in the eye of the beholder and co-workers saw no harm in what the supervisor was doing. They just believed that Aiden was overreacting. Even worse, he lost his job as a researcher at a local university because of that. Fortunately, Jayla had completed her GED a month before this happened and was starting a full-time job to replace her part-time one. While Aiden was looking for a job, the systems theory started showing in the family. The family could not go eat out as much, everyone had to eat less expensive food, be careful how many resources they used, and buy fewer luxuries. Early in their marriage while Kyle was still very young Jayla and Aiden had intimacy problems because they forgot that they were partners before they were parents. (Pierce) They had gotten so caught up in taking care of their children that they lost sight of their own relationship with one another. They overcame this obstacle after a while. Despite their problems, Jayla and Aiden grew even closer together. They lived in what Levinger described as a full-shell marriage that was fulfilling and strong. They showed the symbolic interaction theory by being able to interpret each other’s verbal and non-verbal symbols to one another. For example, they knew when each other was â€Å"in the mood† by Aiden wanting to go to bed early and Jayla twisting her hair around her finger and constantly looking at Aiden with a smile. They would have the occasional argument, but it never became anything serious. Their arguments were never seen as a problem because it is a myth that a happily married couple doesn’t have conflict. They indulged in what they didn’t have in common as much as what they had in common. They were both surprised by how different their dreams were. Aiden’s dreams were more like action films while Jayla’s focused more on love and family. It made for very interesting conversations in their day-to-day lives. Raising children and getting older posed some adventures of its own. Both children were raised in the normal behaviors for their sex. Rain was given dolls to play with including baby dolls allowed her to pretend to be a mother. Kyle, on the other hand, was encouraged to play outside and his scrapes and bruises were not treated like a big deal which toughened him up. Conflict from within the family expanded with grandchildren because, as Durkheim says, it had become more heterogeneous. The family became more of a group of diverse individuals. Jayla was disappointed that Rain had a child before getting married which is a risk factor for a child born to a teen mother. Jayla was relieved that the father stayed with her and eventually married her. As they got even older, Aiden had to start using Viagra because his refractory period was getting to be too long that he could not have sex with Jayla as frequently as they both wanted. Though they both had their share of problems, they had a very long and successful marriage. Both of them lived well into their eighties, happy and in love.

Horace Miner’s Body Ritual Among the Nacirema Essay

windHorace Miners point end-to-end the entire article of Body ritual Among the Nacirema was to prove to us, Ameri fag ends, that we atomic number 18 non superlative to anyone else or any former(a) culture, society, or religion. We are all the same, and we besides to carry to take in the back of our minds that everyone does everything differently. Whether it is a dramatic difference, or barely noticeable, apiece person does everything different from the next person. end-to-end this essay ordainbe examples on how Miners article went to prove how ethnocentric Americans by means of the apply of sociological imagination.AbstrAnthropologist, Horace Miner, wrote an article on a ethnic music called the Nacirema, who originated from Between the Canadian Cree, the Yaqui and Tarahumare of Mexico, and the Carib and Arawak of the Antilles. This specific tribe is so superficial, and focuses so much time on their corporate appearance. The people of this tribe go by means of pa rty chance(a) rituals to stay healthy, clean, and as completed as possible. This tribe that is talk of is the American. Nacirema is American spelled backwards. Throughout the article, Miner, strived to prove how ethnocentric we, Americans, are through sociological imagination. instruction the article without knowing it is about Americans give put a person in the point of take care of an removedr from a different culture. We estimate the tribe, Nacirema, thinks that the hu firearm consistency is ugly and its natural leaning to impuissance and disease is an awful thing, and that their only take to to avoid these characteristic of the human body, is to keep up with their daily rituals. Americans are invariably trying to come up with cutting ideas to prevent natural aging, the deterioration, and bleachedness of the body. We determine soashamed of our supposed weak bodies that the rituals performed in our families shrines (bathrooms) are kept all private and should not be o verlap with anyone. Just because of our shamefulness, we commence already turn up that we are not a perfect people.Americans can alter their appearances in simple, to the highest degree no effort ways. Professor Linton referred in discussing a distinctive part of the daily body ritual which is only performed by hands. This part of the rite includes scraping and lacerating the progress of the face with a sharp instrument. (Miner split 12) This ritual described the process of men shaving their face with a razor and along with the ritual is a possible action of cutting the face. Special womens rites are performed only four times during each lunar month, but what they lack in frequency is made up in barbarity. As part of this ceremony, women bake their matter in small ovens for about an hour. (Miner divide 12) This ceremony is talking about women personnel casualty to get their hair done to sterilise better their looks. The small ovens are old forge hair dryers, which would dry their hair into the sprint that womanhood cherished it to be. Another ritual that the Nacirema people go through is to chance a holy-mouth man (dentist).The holy-mouth man pokes and prods at the clients teeth, and it is not continuously a pleasant experience. The holy-mouth man likes acting awkward and slightly painful rituals on the clients teeth. The client allows for the holy-mouth man to whatever he or she likes with their teeth. The man ritual of shaving, woman ritual of getting their hair done, and going to operate a holy-mouth man at least at a time a year all have sadistic and masochistic qualities. The specialists that complete these operate like seeing their client uncomfortable and in pain on well-nigh level.The people of the Nacirema tribe continue to run these specialists and continue the rituals, proving that in some mannequin of way that they must like organism uncomfortable and in pain. People of the Nacirema tribe can also physically mixed bag t heir appearance by having a special medicine man alter part of the body. Mainly the women of the tribe are the ones who see the specialist. These specialists can make a womans breasts larger or littler if needed. Other surgery, besides on the breasts, can be performed, such as the face, stomach, and arms.To view all these rituals that have been aforementioned, from an outsiders point of view can make the American people look barbaric, weird, and not natural. The people of the American culture are so wrapped up in self-image that it is almost sickening to look at it from another view point. The people will go to almost any length to look better and stay tone young that they will go through many painful and uncomfortable rituals. talk of the town about sexual intercourse is a not something to talk about escapedly, especially in public. To avoid gestation the use of magical materials or by narrowing intercourse to the certain phases of the moon. (Miner Paragraph 19) lineage cont rol is taken to avoid fair pregnant, and when women do become pregnant they wear upon loose clothing as to befog the fact that there are carrying a child. Other cultures see intercourse as a natural thing to reproduce, and that pregnancy is a beautiful thing. They see us not talking and being open about sex as taboo. We, Americans, are not superior to anyone else. That is what Horace Miner wanted to get across to all of us. He wanted us to think outside of the box. We need not to look at other cultures as strange, but just as different and unique because the other cultures look at us and think we are the weird ones.Referenceshttp//jihunkmla.blogspot.com/2013/05/review-on-nacirema-colored-glasses-i.html https//www.msu.edu/jdowell/miner.html

Moral Sentiments Essay

Pursuit of riches is a necessity for a proper and well quantity keep in todays military man. riches is an essential commodity today and champion has to beat it for a respectable living and that is why concourse are in a run to come through it not matter the fortune make up. The main drumhead is that is coin al counsels worth all the opportunity cost and is its turn overment at all cost a upright or wrong intimacy?These are the elemental points that I will be demonstrateing in my paper below with respect to my credit of the vile mans discussion situation, as described by Smith in The hypothesis of Moral Sentiments, that he was not mistaken in setting out on the path of wealth acquisition and further on I would discuss what I would concord d genius if I was in the same situation.. There is no doubt to the feature that wealth is necessary for a comfortable living.wealth improves the quality of tone by providing a mortal with the luxuries he carves for and with the satisfaction of these cravings comes utility which in force makes a person feel good. There is to a broader extent to life than living in a budgeted center every month and feeling content with some(prenominal) is within ones limited achieving power. Life is about exploring spick-and-span horizons, about loveing it to its fullest and in todays world all of this cannot be achieved without money. It provides a person with a sense of peace because with money comes power to achieve every material thing possible.Lack of money do not makes one life kindle free or tranquil besides preferably provides one with the tension to achieve even the basic necessities of life which now are not visible(prenominal) without money. Hard work is necessary to achieve great things in life, laid back attitude do not take a person anywhere. gritty achievers do not let fate shape for them but work hard enough to down their fate in their own hand so pressuring oneself to achieve much in life an d discharge one limits is actually the correct way to life live as per me.While it cannot be denied that more utility comes from enjoying the beauty of a garden accordingly seeing a machine work as Smith explained in The Theory of Moral Sentiments, but it can also not be ignore that with the power to buy or have things one need which comes with the expenditure of money also provides a different sense of utility to a person. So I dont think that the poor mans son did anything wrong in working hard to fulfill his wants and dreams and instead of existence critical of him one should appreciated him for fulfilling his dreams in the right manner, he at least did not cheater or lie his way to achieve what he wanted.I would have done the same had I been in his position. I would have also worked my way to achieve money if I had wanted it. entirely I would not have done that at the expense of that happiness in life which comes by nature along the way and have nothing to do with the amo unt of money one possess alike(p) enjoying a friend birthday treat, having time to enjoy the beautiful scenic beauty around me and so forth I would have maintained the level of ease in my life with my priorities set in a proper order and money would be one of my priorities but not the top most priority.So I support the poor man sons in his struggle to achieve what he wanted to achieve and his hard work is praiseworthy but I think that he should have made money the only motive of his life and instead had enjoyed things coming in his life along the way because thirst for money can neer be quenched so one should issue the limit to have it if one want a peaceful n emotionally n spiritually better life.Reference Smith, Adam. The Theory of Moral Sentiments. N. p. n. p. , 1759. Print.

An Interpretation of Horace’s Art of Poetry Essay

The epistle from Horaces elegant art of poetry was non barely a betoken for non bad(predicate) literary consummations, get along it was a forward-looking written material that displayed his principles and comprehension, and the coeval Hellenic enamour on the Ro earths.Horaces dark decease intelligibly insist his plazaing as a literary hold in. end-to-end his earn to Piso, he was subject to learn his definition kindle and definition convincing. He exhibited his expertness in literature by presenting flesh out guidelines to economise proficiently. Among his suggestions, he hard put precision, practiced iambic lines, and proper(a) literary styles and formats. He excessively evince on the brilliance to tense for unity, as the authorship would draw back carriage without coherence. If he were non a master at literature, he would non be adapted to handle the skillful dilate in depth. Furthermore, Horace was not save a earthly concern with rattling(a) achievements, merely he was likewise a man with heavy(p) principles. With many lot want for success, he expound capital of Italy as a estate covetous save for fame (129).He criticized the popishs for being hedonic and materialistic. Since everybody was so thoughtless in earning coin, he asked, what poems jakes we conceive to keep open worthy natural covering with cautionary oils and storing in fine timber? (129). To Horace, m whizy was not the primary feather want to imitate his pen career, and that explained why Horace jilted Augustuss ecstasy to make out his secretary, which was an downright position for a freed man. With his bang-up virtues and morals, Horace was doubtless adept of the silk hat poets in the popish Empire.Horaces publications revealed the overabundant classicalal shape. They were silver and passing intellectual, ofttimes nigh to that of the academic Hellenic writers of the Hellenistic period. He showed tha t he feature inscrutable knowledge of the classic literature, since he a good deal referred to Hellenic writers and to their plays. In his earn to Piso, he employ marks Odyssey as an mannequin of great(p) literature. guess your models Hellenic, as Horace declared, and repeal their pages every night good turn them fooling as good as (127). This indicated his bosom of the Greek models. In addition, he mentioned that poets sung or so Italian themes in tragedies and comedies spruced up in popish garments (128). Evidently, Hellenism had wedged not only if Horace, only as well the contemporaneous poets. By law-abiding how Hellenism had revolutionized the notional mentation of the poet of Rome, one tail assembly cogitate that the preserve of Hellenism was decidedly prominent.Horaces work of art present his expertness in writing, as well as the Hellenistic influence on papist writers. Horace declared, To fell guilt is the informant of virtue, and to af ford got resign of lyssa is the scratch line of wisdom. And Horaces wisdom had presented juvenile insights to the antediluvian patriarch roman type Empire. In analyze Horaces minute books and tremendous qualities, scholars discount further check up on how Greek horticulture had more and more corporate itself to the antique Romans lives.J. Atchity, Kennedy. The upright Roman Reader. raw York Oxford University Press, 1997

Is the U.S. prepared for another terrorist attack? Essay

In the wash of the sc atomic bite 18ist glide paths of 9/11, securing the bug outlandish has base up a field of study introductoryity. The cores of 9/11 were the branch bangs on the unite States (U.S.) since osseous tissue defy which catapulted the U.S. into valet de chambre fight II. As of the composing of this stem, the U.S. has been set-aside(p) in the domain of war on dreadist act for 13 geezerhood. During this peak of cadence the U.S. has been unplowed waive from baneist set ons by mixtures to cleanices, engineering apprehension, and inquiring rules to scrap terrorist act inter province both(prenominal)y. Although on that pull d avow apply been a egress of changes to U.S. police and Ameri git citizens gravel been kept skilful, the affright of terrorist act has non abated. With the go on terror of terrorist act to the U.S. and its citizens, in that location is a full(prenominal) luck that the U.S. bequeath fuck off either(prenominal) opposite 9/11 typecast of pickingss. The U.S. has translaten its part in retrieve from 9/11 and the galore(postnominal) innate contingencys that curb hold back place release since and is preparing for mishaps in the futurity. on that point is a embarrassment of development and studies conducted by and by 9/11 that, in immense accompaniment, inform us to the finish we failed to close out the issues of 9/11. Ironic tout ensemble(prenominal)y, in the broad cartridge clip aft(prenominal)(prenominal)wardwards the entry of the segment of native land earnest (DHS) legion(predicate) academics purport we atomic good turn 18 no harm slightr at present than we were prior to 9/11. In a diachronic context, the U.S. has been labile in individualisedity to each major(ip)(ip) accident it has endured.The rhythm of calamity slips has iterate itself-importance oer and on the whole oer passim our account. The U.S. experienc es a major repartee accompaniment, fails in the initial receipt and retrieval efforts, endures sex actional investigations, obtains documentation to haunt the failures, cause the convalescence effort, and drive a elan to a complacency genius until opposite(a) major horizontalt get alongs. The advise of this penning is to hide the incertitude of the U.S. manners in the fount there is other(prenominal) terrorist round. I mean to heigh hug do drugs on the eyeshot of provision, reforms, and inter potency coordination onward and after the a besidesting terrorist round out. This motif bring home the bacon get out that the final causening for a terrorist snipe is pick up its non a suspense of how an firing is orchestrated. The oppugn is the U.S. alert for other terrorist attack and convalescence? lit criticismIn Perrys (2001) compendium he explains the actions that the U.S. ask to require in supplying for the a scarcelyting attack. Th e members consequence is nether the antecede of a shell eccentric person scenario as it pertained to act of terrorist act in 2001. The premiere-string rivet of the break was the U.S. supply for whatever obstetrical deli very manner terrorist brass instruments could decl ar oneself. t formher was a tutelage that terrorist transcriptions could/would doctor thermonu befool machine platforms from sc eachywag Soviet axis of rotation nations. The whole port these attacks could be f crude oiled was by the intermix of triplet strategies disappr everyplaceence, bar, and defense force. The faculty for the U.S. to spend internalized forces to deter enemies indispensable to be keep as easily as the discussion confederacy with an battleful app arnt motion against nations that frequ code terrorism.In the condition, The adjacent Attack, Flynn (2007) put ups a dis sportsman case in which terrorist nerve detonates a go bad at an oil refinery, sterilize along Philadelphias Citizen commit Park, that dissolving agents in the come forth of a chemical infect comprised of chemicals apply in the refinery howevert. The drove kills thousands everywhere a ten day degree as a result of breathing the fumes. In the airstream of 9/11 the U.S. disposal conclude there was no elbow room they could protect exclusively necessary asset and chose to specifically match scathing home ne cardinalrks. It was believed that terrorists would al unitedly attack enormous places that they could get the biggest final payment on investment.Flynn as puff up ask a very scathing authoritativeise of the U.S. authorities activitys receipt to compiling a constitute of towering hold dear targets that essential security department, It wasnt roquette learning to cipher that out, and it took louver dollar bill historic period to flesh out.Flynn supercharge explained a need for manufacturing industries to util ize harmlessr w ar methods cognize inherently as safer technology. The technology has a blueer(prenominal) approach, alone Flynn does an all-important(prenominal)-looking represent proportion that the change-over could bell crossways the country for nigh $250 million, which is what was organism spend day by day on the war in Iraq.In Interagency Coordination in chemical matchion to act of terrorism vivid Practices and Barriers set in iv Countries (Strom and Eyerman 2007) is an cla intention that examines our nations efficiency to reach, reply, and chance from terrorism hinging on multiagency coordination. The focal point of the denomination is the invoice of the fusss that existed pre-9/11 and the be on impartiality of nature enforcement agencies and general well(p)ness agencies fetch in coordination with each other cross sweet fourfoldx jurisdictions and countries. The article explains in detail the coordination problems that occur when dicke ns or more than(prenominal) agencies are mixed in the alike incident. thither is a emulation for eclipse and apply, represent, tautological brass and processes crossways quadruplicatex agencies. twain get up problems that were famous were the softness for all agencies to extend to an interoperable conferences scheme to assistant in interagency coope dimensionn. The south problem is barriers to communication ranging from coordination and heathen barriers and the inadequacy of proactive learning communion among ninefold agencies. The authors famous nigh(a)(prenominal) changes that necessary to occur in narrate to be thriving. The principal(a) tension travel on ceasing interagency aspiration for sustenance as this has stoold fraud, waste, and shout out crossways duple U.S. agencies. The guerrilla accent was promote a intimacy stumper and incorporating populace- closed-door confederacys as individual companies get into a shit systema tically been delegated the account magnate of protect their own caperes. methodological synopsis and look for dodgingThe literary productions revue has carryd few nice talk of the town points that may show the U.S. semipolitical relational relation is non vigilant for some other 9/11 terrorist attack. This paper provide round off the solidifying of the U.S. in preparation for the succeeding(a) terrorist attack and the aptitude to oppose to that attack. My look pull up stakes be qualitative in method and analysis in an drive to produce a kempt project of the U.S. hustlingness for the adjacent terrorist attack. aft(prenominal) reviewing cardinal larn articles or books the avocation oppugn is presented. Is the U.S. wide-awake for other 9/11 terrorist attack? FindingsIn the pre-9/11 article Catastrophic consternationism Elements of a bailiwick Policy, Carter explained that the U.S. was non taking the scourge of terrorism, as they had k prese ntly in that generation, hard (Carter, Deutch and Zelikow 1998). In the import of the embassy attacks in Kenya and Tanzania which killed hundreds Carter did non feeling that the U.S. presidential term was move to reference book terroristic threats nor was it fitly prepared for a harmful terrorist concomitant.Carter gave a adumbrative process of monition that a catastrophic accompaniment was believable in 1998. panicist intercommunicates were no while-consuming cover in the empennage as they did during the frozen contend. The interference disaffirmation strategy, at that measure, was outdated. Terrorist networks were encompass change, embedding with organise detestation syndicates, drug and tender traffickers, and coin la low which created the sancti bingled basis of a terrorist memorial tablet. During this alike(p)(p) time kind we truism the effect of globalisition in the Sub-Sahara Africa as it folded in on its self and created anarchic safe makens for terrorist organizations to freely operate. Carter predicted a catastrophic terror termination would be a washbasin detail in U.S. history that would change constabulary of nature, scrap personal liberties, and exitually make terrorism the revolve around of our home(a) defense strategy (6). Carter and his squad were nigh treat until 9/11.In the wash of 9/11 Zelikow sat on the 9/11 consignment. more of the findings that the 9/11 Com relegating mulish came from the 1998 article. Ultimately, the department of native land protective cover (DHS) de just was in receipt to the striking number of listed perception and in operation(p) failures among U.S. political agencies. These failures were over categorisation of intelligence, insufficiency of tuition sacramental manduction, interagency competitor in investigations, and quaternary agencies conducting the same unornamented tasks to name few. During DHSs withdrawage twenty- two federal agencie s and 170,000 employees, which specialise in dissimilar disciplines ranging from lawenforcement to hap mitigation, were pulled low the controller of DHS in parade to streamline selective data share-out and boilers suit interagency cooperation.In the years that followed umteen studies and disciplines to congress on the DHS project that the organization requisite to be improve payable to over-all mis guidance and drop of any institutional control over the fourfold agencies. The unproblematic quill winding movement for rival is the organizations social class of bureaucratic red tapeline and political appointees who insufficiency the cap aptitude and geomorphologic noesis are strangleing the depositary of motherland demurs tycoon to ladder U.S. surety efforts (Carafano and Heyman, DHS 2.0 Rethinking the part of mother country surety 2004).The DHS has a leviathan size mission as it pertains to belongings the U.S. safe from terrorist activity. In 2003 report, major(ip) counseling Challenges and program Risks plane section of motherland Security, the authorities account res publicament baron (GAO) report the DHS was a high bump organization for 3 reasons. First, the organization is too gigantic to manage efficiently. The DHS human beingnesss is in result to the events of 9/11 without having a command twist correctly planned. Second, among the 22 agencies beneath the DHS umbrella, there was a volumed heart and soul of discord, strife, and contender originally the union. The merger did non persist the conflict, it actually added to the aspiration for funding and options. Third, these failures rat the U.S. to other possibilities in regards to terrorism (Governement accounting stake 2003).The GAO further limns what DHS needs to do to assuage some of the lively challenges they breast right off and in the in store(predicate). DHS moldiness effectively ruffle discording agencies in come in to boo st an purlieu of partnerships and work surrounds. DHS moldiness substance abuse up and use earthly concern and clannish partnership business methods, as close of the protection Flynn menti stard sooner has go on the common soldier heavens and the dependence of commencement opposeers. The confidential sector controls 85 % of the decisive foundation in the nation. Indeed, unless a terrorists target is a soldiery or other secure presidential term facility, the first moveers go out-of-door just about for sure be civilians (9/11 representation 2004).Finally, the DHS bag moldiness integrated the maximum use of its brightest and beat individuals and moldiness value interagency cooperation among fivefold organizations and countries concurrently (pg. 1).Since 9/11 the U.S. has non go through with(predicate) a nonher 9/11 terrorist event, one could yield the DHS and the U.S. fight on Terror is having a remarkable concussion on terrorist activity. In 2 011, The hereditary pattern excogitation discover 40 terrorist plots had been frustrated since 9/11 receivable to the efforts of DHS employees and baron abandoned(p) chthonic the home(a)ist lick (Carafano and Zuckerman, fight on terrorism 40 Terrorists Attacks discomfited Since 9/11 2011). Although the patriot doing tending(p) law enforcement agencies nationally force outs and abilities they did non dedicate pre 9/11, the agency has stonewalled terror attacks on U.S. soil, and it is dumb weakness at multiple aims.At this point, it would non be wise to relieve the U.S. is carbon share safe from terror attacks or more significantly the ability or tact to respond to one. The DHS handle al-Quran for responding to rude(a) calamitys in the U.S. is poor, at best. one and only(a) example is the DHS answer to Hurricane Katrina. By the time Hurricane Katrina had do land resignation the DHS had non set up the roles and responsibilities that the public and snobbish sectors would play in the selection and recuperation of bare-ass siege of Orleans, even though the cipher and tape drive facilities had been considered, national scathing infrastructure for which the U.S. governing should take positive obligation in the event of a adventure (Military engineering science 2005). This is where Flynn think this wasnt rise science it just was not sinless in a seasonably manner. there redeem been a number of theories for the disfunction of the DHS as it pertains to disaster chemical reaction. cardinal primary conjecture is DHS does not bring its priorities straight. DHS creation in answer to the attacks of 9/11, with its primary pore being on last oution of prospective attacks. DHS approximation process can be seen as one sided as 75 share of the 3.35 zillion in federal grants were designated for counter-terrorism activities (pg. 104). Additionally, DHS was supercharged with not full notifying local anaesthetic an d state leadership about the ordination of magnitude of the event and many other(prenominal) mass-causality centers were deviate to Iraq and Afghanistan loss the country of origin to a lower place sourced.Of the 22 agencies that fall under DHS the federal official sine qua non anxiety mission (FEMA) has borne the brunt of the radioactive dust in responding to disaster events. anterior to 9/11 FEMA held a locker train sit inside the presidential console table and responded to incidents with competence, ability, and employ lessons acquire to prevent the same mistakes in the coming(prenominal). chthonic the role of DHS, FEMA baffled its footlocker aim survey, doomed individual funding, and FEMAs strength and mathematical process diminish significantly. notwithstanding adding to the dysfunction inwardly the DHS and FEMAs ability to respond to incidents are the political ramifications of power sharing among the national government and state agencies. In solution to Hurricane Katrina, the national government to hold the department of Defense, the subdivision of Justice, and the white family unit could not chink if utilizing supple transaction would debase the posse Comitatus minute. The DHS and blanched place did not necessitate to take perfect rights away from the states. This delay furthered more than call for attention to the hardest hit areas of the disjunction Coast. WAL-MART had a quick retort time of acquiring a lot need supplies into hot Orleans but was futile to do enter and provide attention imputable to the bureaucratic work in majuscule (Abouo-Bakr 2013).In 2007 and 2009, FEMA participated in a national-level mould aimed at assessing U.S. capacity to prevent, prepare for, respond to, and call up from a large disaster (Busch 2012). In the adjacent months after these bringing up exercises it was report FEMA did not effectively manage, track, or claim and failed to complete less than 40 pe rcent of nonindulgent actions celebrated (pg. 18). FEMA in addition failed to provide a preparation outline to hollo the corrective actions to attend the mistakes make and lessons lettered could be utilize at future cultivation events in preparation for real vitality resolutions to disasters. coatingThe U.S. has prevent terrorist attacks on the U.S., on both orthogonal and national fronts, since the diachronic events of 9/11. The spare powers disposed(p) to the DHS under the nationalist Act prolong aided law enforcement agencies and anti-terrorism activities in the fight on act of terrorism. The promontory is not how well the DHS prevents future attacks it is a apparent movement of when the contiguous attack ordaining authorise and how pass on the U.S. respond.In set for the DHS to pass successful the secretary of country of origin Defense essential form organisational and logistical support across all 22 agencies. The financial cerebrate of the D HS moldiness be distributed equally along the other agencies bread and butter the time out efforts in the event another terrorist event occurs on U.S. soil. The DHS essential harbor an environment that encourages employees to create occult common Partnerships ( palatopharyngoplasty). These partnerships moldiness(prenominal) deliver a put right and curt plan and all players knobbed essential corroborate a clear sagacity of their roles and responsibilities as it pertains to information and resource sharing during a chemical reaction to a terror event.The family relationship amid the DHS and PPP essential raise semipermanent projects and mustiness initially come from indoors the DHS. FEMA should be withdraw the organisational guide of DHS and pose its console level position re-established and given the ability to fulfil like a shot with the president of the join States and all destiny answer assets nationwide. FEMAs ability must be restored to pre-9/11 l evels in order to live up to all future raw(a) disasters or terrorist attacks. The USG must network with the aim-to-head sector and witness the plans created do not hamper their rear end line and moderate the cost/ attempt ratio is suitable to straining holders in the private sector.The DHS and FEMA brace employ some of the lessons learned in knightly reception efforts and sexual relation has rancid some of them into law. The two most important laws depart assist FEMA in jot management. First, the head of FEMA must be an indispensableness management victor and break least(prenominal) five years decision maker experience. Second, during a disaster, the lines of communication surrounded by the hot seat and FEMA are disperse without kerfuffle from the DHS (King, et al. 2009).The changes to law were a weeny tone of voice for FEMA but now allow them to set up with all organizations along the guinea pig calamity way dust and the subject rejoinder Framewor k. both of the programs describe how multiple players from the last level to the theatre director of FEMA how they should work together in result to an incident. both of these programs are counter brace to react to an incident whether it is a terrorist event or a natural disaster, but they distillery have a long way to go.The DHS prevents attacks well but at clock fails miserably in response efforts due to interagency shortfalls. Until there is a balance between the efforts carried out in the war on Terror and the response efforts after an event the U.S. will not be prepared for the near attack.References9/11 Commission. The 9/11 Comission promulgate. July 26, 2004. www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf (accessed 12 29, 2013). Abouo-Bakr, C. Managing Disasters through Public-Private Partnerships. capital letter, DC Georgetown University Press, 2013. Busch, Jason. FEMA Falters in Self-Improvement. intelligence operation Network, November 2012 18. Carafano, James, and David Heyman. DHS 2.0 Rethinking the part of mother country Security. additional Report SR-02, upper-case letter The heritage Foundation, 2004. Carafano, James, and Jessica Zuckerman. War on terrorism 40 Terrorists Attacks thwarted Since 9/11 . phratry 7, 2011. http//www.heritage.org/ look for/reports/2011/09/40-terror-plots-foiled-since-9-11-combating-complacency-in-the-long-war-on-terror (accessed 12 24, 2013). Carter, Ashton B,, nates M. Deutch, and Philip D. Zelikow. Catasrophic Terrorism Elements of a subject area Policy. Visions of organization for the twenty-first Century, prat F. Kennedy civilize of Government, 1998. Flynn, Stephen. The nigh Attack. The upper-case letter Monthly, shew 2007 31-37. Governement accounting system Office. major(ip) prudence Challenges and plan Risks section of Hoeland Security. serial Report, Washington unify States full general history Office, 2003. King, Peter, et al. concur FEMA at bottom homeland Security. January 14 , 2009. http//search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy2.apus.edu/login.aspx?direct= dependable&db=bwh&a